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q       The volume of produce available for sale with farmers is still too small and can only be consumed by the local market; it’s not worth efforts to look for external market. In most cases, the volumes cannot even be ascertained or planned for – CROP FINANCE IS A KEY IN BOOSTING PRODUCTIVITY, WE HAVE EXPLORED WAREHOUSE RECEIPT SYSTEM WITH UGANDA COMMODITY EXCHANGE TO SOLVE THIS LOW VOLUME PRODUCTION BOTTLE NECK

q       Produce sold is of low/poor quality, hence fetching low price e.g. rice is sold unsorted (with stones, some chaff and a big percentage of broken grain). Action: Farmers need to start grading the produce to attract high price. A PRIVATE COMPNAY CEREAL AND PULSE EA WAS IDENTIFIED AND INTERESTED TO WORK WITH THE LOCAL PRIVATE MILLERS TO MILL, GRADE, BRAND, BULK, STORE, BROKER MARKET SERVICES WITH BUYER IN UGANDA AND BEYOND

q       Farmers were not organized for collective marketing and so majority of them were selling individually to meet their domestic needs. Action: Farmers need to form commodity/enterprise groups for bulking and collective marketing - FARMERS DO NOT SEE ANY INCETIVE TO JOIN AN ASSOCIANTION, ASSOCIATIONS DO NOT HAVE ATTRACTIVE SERVICES TO THEIR MEMBERS TO KEEP THEM INTERESTED AND INVOLVED IN BEING IN THE ASSOCIATION (This is the case with Doho Rice Farmers Association). DEVELOPMENT OF PRIVATE SECTOR LED PACKAGES WITH SERVICES SUCH AS CROP FINACE, STORAGE AND MARKET BROKERAGE THROUGH THE WRS CAN CHANGE THE SITUATION i.e. starting with rice enterprise and spreading and integrating with other crops.

q       Farmers were not organized for collective marketing and so majority of them were selling individually to meet their domestic needs. Action: Farmers need to form commodity/enterprise groups for bulking and collective marketing - FARMERS DO NOT SEE ANY INCETIVE TO JOIN AN ASSOCIANTION, ASSOCIATIONS DO NOT HAVE ATTRACTIVE SERVICES TO THEIR MEMBERS TO KEEP THEM INTERESTED AND INVOLVED IN BEING IN THE ASSOCIATION (This is the case with Doho Rice Farmers Association). DEVELOPMENT OF PRIVATE SECTOR LED PACKAGES WITH SERVICES SUCH AS CROP FINACE, STORAGE AND MARKET BROKERAGE THROUGH THE WRS CAN CHANGE THE SITUATION i.e. starting with rice enterprise and spreading and integrating with other crops.

q       Farmers were not organized for collective marketing and so majority of them were selling individually to meet their domestic needs. Action: Farmers need to form commodity/enterprise groups for bulking and collective marketing - FARMERS DO NOT SEE ANY INCETIVE TO JOIN AN ASSOCIANTION, ASSOCIATIONS DO NOT HAVE ATTRACTIVE SERVICES TO THEIR MEMBERS TO KEEP THEM INTERESTED AND INVOLVED IN BEING IN THE ASSOCIATION (This is the case with Doho Rice Farmers Association). DEVELOPMENT OF PRIVATE SECTOR LED PACKAGES WITH SERVICES SUCH AS CROP FINACE, STORAGE AND MARKET BROKERAGE THROUGH THE WRS CAN CHANGE THE SITUATION i.e. starting with rice enterprise and spreading and integrating with other crops.

q       Farmers were not organized for collective marketing and so majority of them were selling individually to meet their domestic needs. Action: Farmers need to form commodity/enterprise groups for bulking and collective marketing - FARMERS DO NOT SEE ANY INCETIVE TO JOIN AN ASSOCIANTION, ASSOCIATIONS DO NOT HAVE ATTRACTIVE SERVICES TO THEIR MEMBERS TO KEEP THEM INTERESTED AND INVOLVED IN BEING IN THE ASSOCIATION (This is the case with Doho Rice Farmers Association). DEVELOPMENT OF PRIVATE SECTOR LED PACKAGES WITH SERVICES SUCH AS CROP FINACE, STORAGE AND MARKET BROKERAGE THROUGH THE WRS CAN CHANGE THE SITUATION i.e. starting with rice enterprise and spreading and integrating with other crops.

q       Farmers were not organized for collective marketing and so majority of them were selling individually to meet their domestic needs. Action: Farmers need to form commodity/enterprise groups for bulking and collective marketing - FARMERS DO NOT SEE ANY INCETIVE TO JOIN AN ASSOCIANTION, ASSOCIATIONS DO NOT HAVE ATTRACTIVE SERVICES TO THEIR MEMBERS TO KEEP THEM INTERESTED AND INVOLVED IN BEING IN THE ASSOCIATION (This is the case with Doho Rice Farmers Association). DEVELOPMENT OF PRIVATE SECTOR LED PACKAGES WITH SERVICES SUCH AS CROP FINACE, STORAGE AND MARKET BROKERAGE THROUGH THE WRS CAN CHANGE THE SITUATION i.e. starting with rice enterprise and spreading and integrating with other crops.

q       Farmers were not organized for collective marketing and so majority of them were selling individually to meet their domestic needs. Action: Farmers need to form commodity/enterprise groups for bulking and collective marketing - FARMERS DO NOT SEE ANY INCETIVE TO JOIN AN ASSOCIANTION, ASSOCIATIONS DO NOT HAVE ATTRACTIVE SERVICES TO THEIR MEMBERS TO KEEP THEM INTERESTED AND INVOLVED IN BEING IN THE ASSOCIATION (This is the case with Doho Rice Farmers Association). DEVELOPMENT OF PRIVATE SECTOR LED PACKAGES WITH SERVICES SUCH AS CROP FINACE, STORAGE AND MARKET BROKERAGE THROUGH THE WRS CAN CHANGE THE SITUATION i.e. starting with rice enterprise and spreading and integrating with other crops.

q       Farmers were not organized for collective marketing and so majority of them were selling individually to meet their domestic needs. Action: Farmers need to form commodity/enterprise groups for bulking and collective marketing - FARMERS DO NOT SEE ANY INCETIVE TO JOIN AN ASSOCIANTION, ASSOCIATIONS DO NOT HAVE ATTRACTIVE SERVICES TO THEIR MEMBERS TO KEEP THEM INTERESTED AND INVOLVED IN BEING IN THE ASSOCIATION (This is the case with Doho Rice Farmers Association). DEVELOPMENT OF PRIVATE SECTOR LED PACKAGES WITH SERVICES SUCH AS CROP FINACE, STORAGE AND MARKET BROKERAGE THROUGH THE WRS CAN CHANGE THE SITUATION i.e. starting with rice enterprise and spreading and integrating with other crops.

q       Information on the Cost Benefit Analysis (profitability) of the enterprises was lacking among the farmers e.g. farmers were not sure of what it would cost them to produce a given acreage of rice, maize water melon or groundnuts and the yield expected, selling price and profit margin expected. Action: Sub-county NAADS Coordinator, Enterprise chairpersons and some knowledgeable farmers need to work out the cost of production of each enterprise, break even price, average acreage and production per farmer in a given season. This information is critical for planning and negotiating contracts with potential buyers. – SOME DATA IS AVAILABLE FOR RICE IN DOHO RICE SCHEME, BUT NEEDS UPDATE. FOR OTHER ENTERPRISES, DATA CAN BE OBTAINED FROM OTHER SOURCES.

q       There was also a felt need by the sub county officials that the process would take off well and faster if these farmers are trained in different marketing aspects such as Cost Benefit Analysis of the different selected enterprises and business planning. 

q       There was also a felt need by the sub county officials that the process would take off well and faster if these farmers are trained in different marketing aspects such as Cost Benefit Analysis of the different selected enterprises and business planning. 

q       There was also a felt need by the sub county officials that the process would take off well and faster if these farmers are trained in different marketing aspects such as Cost Benefit Analysis of the different selected enterprises and business planning. 

q       There was also a felt need by the sub county officials that the process would take off well and faster if these farmers are trained in different marketing aspects such as Cost Benefit Analysis of the different selected enterprises and business planning. 

q       There was also a felt need by the sub county officials that the process would take off well and faster if these farmers are trained in different marketing aspects such as Cost Benefit Analysis of the different selected enterprises and business planning. 

q       Farmers were not exploiting the various means of accessing market information such as use of sms mobile cell phones, radio market information broadcasts, news paper market prices of various commodities. Action: This information was communicated to the farmers to start using them right away.

The issues surrounding the marketability of these crop and livestock enterprises were:

Table 1: Available enterprises ready for marketing in Mazimsa sub-county

Crop/Variety
No.of Farmers
Est.Volume/Season
Farm Gate Pice
Rice (Kaiso)
400
230 tons
800/=/kg
Groundnuts (Serenut 3)
235
30 tons
1000/=/kg
Water melon
156
200 tons
300/=/piece
Maize(Corn)
320
20 tons
100/=/kg
Cotton
123
15 tons
300/=/kg

Other enterprises ready for marketing that have been promoted by NAADS include Poultry.

q       Business planning skills also lacked among the farmers hence farming as business was not possible. Action: Farmers (marketing committees) need be trained on several business skills and market dynamics. The trainings should be result oriented training and not the usual training that farmers have received that do not materialize in any thing tangible.

q       The FGD training by NAADS opened the eyes of farmers about the need to come together for collective action especially if they know for whom they are producing and hence assured of the market.

q       Their (farmers’) produces were mostly sold to the middlemen that dictated the prices the farmers get for these produces. This, to a great extent was attributed to the farmers, low bargaining power and the ignorance of their rights in the market chain. Majority of the buyers are “local business men” and traders from Kampala, Mbale and elsewhere who come with their cash and trucks and take the produce to neighboring districts and sell at higher prices. Some farmers even get loans for production and in return just pass on rice to the business men (many millers) who gave them the loans. These were the biggest challenge experienced by the farmers yet they are the ones that put in a lot of input in the production of the crops yet till to date there were no efforts put in place to address these challenges. Action: Farmer enterprises groups need to set bye laws that protect them against exploitative middlemen, BUT this has to precede forming strong commodity producer associations whose representatives can negotiate with middlemen or other buyers. Also and more important is creation of a another marketing channel that offers farmers store of their produce when prices are low and also offers the cash when they need it using the crop in a secure store as collateral 

q       The above challenge was worsened by the farmers’ lack of access to market information. They were selling at the prices the middlemen would communicate to them without the knowing that the different crops could be sold to other areas at better prices (i.e the farmers’ main source of market information is the middlemen or traders) Action: Farmers need identify a service provider dedicated to offering them market intelligence information and other market services on a commission basis. A market information board established in the trading centers and privately operated on a business footing would serve this purpose. Cereal and Pulse EA was identified to offer this service

q       Farmers were not exploiting the various means of accessing market information such as use of sms mobile cell phones, radio market information broadcasts, news paper market prices of various commodities. Action: This information was communicated to the farmers to start using them right away.

q       Farmers were not exploiting the various means of accessing market information such as use of sms mobile cell phones, radio market information broadcasts, news paper market prices of various commodities. Action: This information was communicated to the farmers to start using them right away.

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